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Types of Fire Extinguishers

A fire extinguisher is an essential piece of safety equipment to have around in case of a fire. It can be used to put out a small fire, stop it from spreading or even save lives. Fire extinguishers are available in various types, and they are often found in schools, hospitals, workplaces, homes and commercial buildings. They are also a good choice for putting out car fires. Before attempting to use a fire extinguisher it is important to make sure that the fire alarm has been sounded and that you have a clear exit route. Then pull the pin and aim it low, pointing it at the base of the fire. Next sweep the nozzle or hose from side to side until the fire is out. It is also important to check that the flames have not re-ignited and to evacuate the area immediately.

This type of extinguisher uses carbon dioxide, which is released from the cylinder as a gas, smothering the fire by blocking the oxygen supply. It is effective on class A, B and C fires and can be used in kitchens and other areas where food is prepared. This type of fire extinguisher is usually mounted on a cart and has a jet or spray nozzle.

Dry chemical fire extinguishers (ABC dry chemicals, tri-class and multipurpose) use a powdered agent to break down the chemical chain reaction of fuel and oxygen. They have a wide range of applications and are the most commonly used type of fire extinguisher. These extinguishers typically have a red color handle.

Halon (bromochlorodifluoromethane or HBr) extinguishers use a gas that interrupts the fire’s chemical process and leaves no residue. They are usually used on class A, B and C fires. Halon has been banned from new production due to its ozone depleting properties and long atmospheric lifetime. Existing cylinders may be recycled for use in new units.

Graphite-based (G-plus, G-1, Chubb Pyromet) fire extinguishers contain dry graphite that smothers metal fires and is most effective on class A fires. It is less corrosive than sodium chloride powder and has an advantage over other types for metal fires in that it will not be displaced by flowing or vertical lithium fires.

Foam, water and dry chemical fire extinguishers have a basic inspection every 30 days. This inspection checks the weight of the cartridge, external validation of the pressure and any signs of damage or corrosion. They require a more detailed extended service once every five years. This involves opening the extinguisher to inspect the internal components and a hydraulic pressure test. The cylinders must also be recharged.

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