Types of Fire Extinguisher

A fire extinguisher is a valuable tool for helping to contain and control a fire, but using one correctly is crucial. This is why the fire service has set out a classification system that makes it easy to match the right fire extinguisher to the type of fire you are fighting.

When choosing an extinguisher, look for the label of an independent testing laboratory and check the weight, as this can impact on the ease of use. It is also advisable to choose a size of fire extinguisher that a user can comfortably hold and operate.

The main types of fire extinguisher are listed below:

Water extinguishers cool the fire by absorbing the heat and extinguishing the flames with water. They are usually the easiest to maintain and most straightforward to use, but are not suitable for burning metals (Class D), flammable liquids or electrical equipment.

Carbon Dioxide (CO2) extinguishers work by suffocating the fire and don’t cause damage to electrical items like laptops. They are ideal for offices and shops, and can be used on Class B and Class C fires.

Dry Powder fire extinguishers are powder-based and can be used on most types of fire. They can be used by anyone and are particularly useful for domestic use, as they are easy to operate. They are often a more cost-effective option than other types of extinguisher and can be stored easily, but should be emptied after use.

For class A and Class B fires, look for a multi-purpose fire extinguisher that contains both carbon dioxide or dry chemical. These can be effective on a wide range of fires, and are the most common variety of fire extinguisher in homes and businesses.

Class A: wood, paper, cloth, and rubbish

Class A fires require physical smothering, such as putting out the fire with a hose or soaking it with water. Look for an extinguisher with a symbol to the left if you need to fight a class A fire.

Class B: flammable liquids

Class B fires can be caused by gasoline, kerosene, propane, cooking oil and fat, or electrical equipment that has been overheated. They require chemical or physical smothering. Aim the extinguisher with the nozzle pointing away from you and release the locking pin. Squeeze the handle slowly and evenly, sweeping the nozzle side-to-side as you go.

Class F: flammable fats and oils